French Rule of Vietnam

Who controlled Vietnam before the Second World War?

France fully took over Indochina in the late 19th century. France lost control to the Japanese during the Second World War, but wanted to regain it in 1945.

Who supported French rule in Vietnam?

French rule in Vietnam was supported by the USA, under President Truman, after March 1945. They provided around $500 million a year in support.

Why did the USA support French rule in Vietnam?

The US wanted to prevent communism spreading in Asia, particularly after the fall of China to communism in 1949.

Who challenged French rule in Vietnam?

French rule in Vietnam was challenged by the Vietminh, a Vietnamese resistance movement founded to fight the Japanese during the Second World War. It was led by the communist Ho Chi Minh.

How was French rule in Vietnam defeated?

The Vietminh used guerrilla warfare to defeat the French.

What were the reasons for the defeat of French rule in Vietnam?

There were 6 main reasons why the French were defeated in Vietnam.

• ❖ The Vietminh were able to use their excellent geographical knowledge to their advantage, using it to launch surprise attacks on the French.
• ❖ The Vietminh were aided by China and the USSR, who sent troops and supplies.
• ❖ Villagers supported the Vietminh, by spying and deploying supplies.
• ❖ The Vietminh used guerrilla warfare.
• ❖ The French troops did not care about regaining control of Vietnam. France also underestimated the Vietminh.
• ❖ There was limited assistance from the USA.

When did the French rule end in Vietnam?

The French left Vietnam in July 1956.