Campaign in the North, 1968

What was Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

Martin Luther King and the SCLC began a non-violent direct action campaign in Chicago focused on several issues. It was called the Chicago Freedom Movement, or Chicago Campaign.

When was Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

The campaign in the north, or the Chicago Freedom Movement, started on 7th January, 1966, and ended in 1967.

What were the aims of Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

The campaign focused on three issues - education, housing and employment.

What operation was established during Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

Operation Breadbasket was established to organise boycotts of businesses and put pressure on them to employ more black workers.

What action was taken during Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

Along with other leaders, Martin Luther King met with the authorities in a bid to improve housing conditions.

What were the main obstacles encountered by Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

There were 4 main issues with the campaign:

• ❖ Many black politicians were among those who opposed it.
• ❖ There was a lack of connection between the SCLC and the ghetto gangs.
• ❖ Riots started before Martin Luther King's planned march through white neighbourhoods had even begun. He appealed for calm but was ignored.
• ❖ The campaign did not receive as much good publicity as anticipated.

What were the results of Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

The campaign had 2 main results:

• ❖ The march went ahead as planned and a violent white backlash followed.
• ❖ The Mayor of Chicago was keen for the protests to end, so came to an agreement on fair housing rates. He also pledged more public housing would be built.

What was successful about Martin Luther King's campaign in the north?

More black people were employed by white-owned and run companies.

What were the failures of the Martin Luther King's campaign in the North?

The campaign failed in 2 key areas:

• ❖ Martin Luther King was unable to prevent violence on both sides.
• ❖ The Mayor of Chicago failed to honour the agreement he had made and housing costs and shortages remained the same.